第29品 施叶品
29. Paṇṇadāyakavaggo
《施叶长老譬喻》等的注释
1-10. Paṇṇadāyakattheraapadānādivaṇṇanā
1-2在第二十九品的第一个apadāna里,“paṇṇabhojanabhojanoti”的意思是:为了吃乳叶之类的食物,我坐在叶屋里,也就是我这样待着。“已经坐下、安静的我”,说的是在叶屋里坐下、安静地待着的我。“大仙来到”,是说因为寻求广大戒蕴等功德,所以叫大仙。世间之光、世间之灯——悉达多世尊来了,意思是世尊来到我身边。“坐在叶铺上”,是说世尊走过来,坐在叶子铺成的坐席上;为了让他嚼食,我把蒸过的叶子布施给他。这就是上下文的意思。
1-2. Ekūnatiṃsatime vagge paṭhamāpadāne paṇṇabhojanabhojanoti khīrapaṇṇādibhojanassa bhuñjanatthāya paṇṇasālāya nisinno amhi bhavāmīti attho. Upaviṭṭhañca maṃ santanti paṇṇasālāyaṃ upaviṭṭhaṃ santaṃ vijjamānaṃ maṃ. Upāgacchi mahāisīti mahante sīlādikhandhe esanato mahāisi. Lokapajjoto lokapadīpo siddhattho bhagavā upagacchi, mama samīpaṃ agamāsīti attho. Nisinnassa paṇṇasanthareti upagantvā paṇṇasanthare nisinnassa khādanatthāya seditaṃ paṇṇaṃ mayā dinnanti sambandho.
5-7在第二譬喻中,“心像须弥山一样寂静、如大地一般安忍的悉达多世尊”,这是文句之间的关联。“从定中起”是指从灭尽定中出定,也就是出定之后单独安住的意思。“为乞食而来到我跟前”是说:在乞食的时候,世尊心里想:“今天不管谁给我什么东西,都会得到大果报。”他正坐着,我就来到他身边——“近侍”就是来到近旁的意思。从“诃梨勒果……中略……法若沙果”,所有这些果实,都是我以清净的信心,供养给悲悯一切世间的悉达多大仙的——这就是这段话的意思。
5-7. Dutiyāpadāne sinerusamasantoso dharaṇīsamasādiso siddhattho bhagavāti sambandho. Vuṭṭhahitvā samādhimhāti nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhahitvā visuṃ hutvāti attho. Bhikkhāya mamupaṭṭhitoti bhikkhācāravelāya ‘‘ajja mama yo koci kiñci dānaṃ dadāti, tassa mahapphala’’nti cintetvā nisinnassa mama santikaṃ samīpaṃ upaṭṭhito samīpamāgatoti attho. Harītakaṃ…pe… phārusakaphalāni cāti evaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ phalaṃ sabbalokānukampino tassa siddhatthassa mahesissa mayā vippasannena cetasā dinnanti attho.
11-12在第三譬喻里,要这样把前后连起来理解:就像狮子在林子里行走,像狮王在林中游走那样,悉达多世尊也是这样行走的。所谓“如牛王骏马”,牛王有四种:vasabho、nisabho、visabho、āsabho。其中,统领一百头牛的王叫vasabho,统领一千头牛的王叫nisabho,统领十万头牛的王叫visabho,统领百千俱胝头牛的王叫āsabho。这里把āsabho说成“nisabho”,意思是像良种的、无畏的、安稳不动的牛王;所谓“如辉耀的迦拘陀”,就如同那被花朵与嫩叶装点、璀璨闪耀的迦拘陀一般,人中最英伟、人中至尊、最殊胜的悉达多世尊走来,他看见后,便因与信心相应,以清净心迎接——这是这句话的意思
11-12. Tatiyāpadāne sīhaṃ yathā vanacaranti vane caramānaṃ sīharājaṃ iva caramānaṃ siddhatthaṃ bhagavantanti sambandho. Nisabhājāniyaṃ yathāti vasabho, nisabho, visabho, āsabhoti cattāro gavajeṭṭhakā. Tesu gavasatassa jeṭṭhako vasabho, gavasahassassa jeṭṭhako nisabho, gavasatasahassassa jeṭṭhako visabho, gavakoṭisatasahassassa jeṭṭhako āsabho. Idha pana āsabho ‘‘nisabho’’ti vutto, ājānīyaṃ abhītaṃ niccalaṃ usabharājaṃ ivāti attho. Kakudhaṃ vilasantaṃvāti pupphapallavehi sobhamānaṃ kakudharukkhaṃ iva narāsabhaṃ narānaṃ āsabhaṃ uttamaṃ āgacchantaṃ siddhatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā saddhāya sampayuttattā vippasannena cetasā paccuggamanaṃ akāsinti attho.
从第四譬喻到第十譬喻,这些内容本身就已经很容易理解了。
Catutthāpadānādīni dasamāvasānāni suviññeyyānevāti.