第26品 称赞品
26. Thomakavaggo
1-10. 托马卡长老譬喻等的注释
1-10. Thomakattheraapadānādivaṇṇanā
第二十六品里,第一个譬喻经的内容很直白。
Chabbīsatime vagge paṭhamāpadānaṃ uttānameva.
5-6第二则譬喻里说“舍弃了天神的容貌”,意思是:舍弃、抛弃了天神的身体,化现出人的身体。“想要作殊胜行”,意思是:想要做殊胜的业行、积累福德资粮。名为天王的我,就是天界之王,和妻子一起,因为对最胜佛陀的教法怀着恭敬,来到这人间世界。“他的乞食是我供养的”,意思是:莲华上佛世尊有一位名叫德瓦罗的声闻弟子,我以清净的信心,向那位声闻弟子供养了乞食,也就是供养了团食。
5-6. Dutiyāpadāne vijahitvā devavaṇṇanti devatā sarīraṃ vijahitvā chaḍḍetvā, manussasarīraṃ nimminitvāti attho. Adhikāraṃ kattukāmoti adhikakiriyaṃ puññasambhāraṃ kattukāmo devaro nāma ahaṃ devarājā bhariyāya saha buddhaseṭṭhassa sāsane sādaratāya idha imasmiṃ manussaloke āgamiṃ āgatoti attho. Tassa bhikkhā mayā dinnāti padumuttarassa bhagavato yo nāmena devalo nāma sāvako ahosi, tassa sāvakassa mayā vippasannena cetasā bhikkhā dinnā piṇḍapāto dinnoti attho.
9-109-10. 在第三则譬喻中,“名为欢喜的正等觉者”,意思是:因为能让人产生满足与欢喜,所以叫“名为欢喜的独觉佛”。“在非人的树林中”,意思是在被非人占据的树林、大森林里,他般涅槃,以无余涅槃界而消失,不再可见。“在那里火化了遗体”,意思是:我从天界来到这里,在那片树林中火化了那位世尊的遗体,做了焚烧的事。
9-10. Tatiyāpadāne ānando nāma sambuddhoti ānandaṃ tuṭṭhiṃ jananato ānando nāma paccekabuddhoti attho. Amanussamhi kānaneti amanussapariggahe kānane mahāaraññe parinibbāyi anupādisesanibbānadhātuyā antaradhāyi, adassanaṃ agamāsīti attho. Sarīraṃ tattha jhāpesinti ahaṃ devalokā idhāgantvā tassa bhagavato sarīraṃ tattha araññe jhāpesiṃ dahanaṃ akāsinti attho.
第四和第五个脚注本身就很清楚。
Catutthapañcamāpadānāni uttānāneva.
20在第六个譬喻里说“我曾名叫栴檀”,意思是:按照名称的施设,我就叫栴檀。“正自觉者的儿子”,意思是:在他成为独觉佛之前,我是他的儿子。“我供养了一双凉鞋”,意思是我供养了一双凉鞋。“愿你成就我的觉悟”,意思是:凭这双凉鞋的功德,愿你成就我的声闻菩提。
20. Chaṭṭhāpadāne ahosiṃ candano nāmāti nāmena paṇṇattivasena candano nāma. Sambuddhassatrajoti paccekasambuddhabhūtato pubbe tassa atrajo putto ahaṃ. Ekopāhano mayā dinnoti ekaṃ upāhanayugaṃ mayā dinnaṃ. Bodhiṃ sampajja me tuvanti tena upāhanayugena me mayhaṃ sāvakabodhiṃ tuvaṃ sampajja nipphādehīti attho.
23-24在第七个譬喻中,“做了花环”的意思是:拿着茜草花和带绿茎的花篮,我沿着大路、顺着街道往前走。正当我这样往前走的时候,我看见了以比丘僧团为前导、被比丘僧团围绕、在沙门中最尊贵、在比丘们中最第一、最殊胜的正自觉者。“献给佛陀”的意思是:看见之后,我用双手把那朵花捧起来,高高举起,献给了弗沙佛世尊,作了供养。
23-24. Sattamāpadāne mañjarikaṃ karitvānāti mañjeṭṭhipupphaṃ haritacaṅkoṭakaṃ gahetvā rathiyaṃ vīthiyā paṭipajjiṃ ahaṃ tathā paṭipannova bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhataṃ bhikkhusaṅghena parivutaṃ samaṇānaggaṃ samaṇānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṃ seṭṭhaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ addasanti sambandho. Buddhassa abhiropayinti disvā ca pana taṃ pupphaṃ ubhohi hatthehi paggayha ukkhipitvā buddhassa phussassa bhagavato abhiropayiṃ pūjesinti attho.
28-29第28至29段:所谓“我是吃无盐叶子的人”,意思是:我按照乞食的规矩,把乳叶等采回来,煮了那些没有盐的叶子来吃,我就是这样一位以无盐叶子为食的人。所谓“安住在律仪中”,意思是:在被称为律仪的离杀生等五条常戒中,安住守护。所谓“在早餐前到来”,意思是:在饭前的时候到来。所谓“悉达多来到我处”,意思是:悉达多世尊来到、抵达我的身边。所谓“我把那些献给佛陀”,意思是:我把那些无盐叶子,献给了那位佛陀。
28-29. Aṭṭhamāpadāne aloṇapaṇṇabhakkhomhīti khīrapaṇṇādīni uñchācariyāya āharitvā loṇavirahitāni paṇṇāni pacitvā bhakkhāmi, aloṇapaṇṇabhakkho amhi bhavāmīti attho. Niyamesu ca saṃvutoti niyamasaññitesu pāṇātipātāveramaṇiādīsu niccapañcasīlesu saṃvuto pihitoti attho. Pātarāse anuppatteti purebhattakāle anuppatte. Siddhattho upagacchi manti mama samīpaṃ siddhattho bhagavā upagañchi sampāpuṇi. Tāhaṃ buddhassa pādāsinti ahaṃ taṃ aloṇapaṇṇaṃ tassa buddhassa adāsinti attho.
第九个padāna是颠倒的。
Navamāpadānaṃ uttānameva.
37-3837-38. 在第十个譬喻中,“如同尸弃佛,如同尸弃佛”的意思是:尸弃世尊从身体放出六色光芒,照耀四方、光明显赫,就像燃烧的火焰堆一样。“持取最上生花”的意思是:取来名叫“最上生”的花,献上供养给尸弃世尊。
37-38. Dasamāpadāne sikhinaṃ sikhinaṃ yathāti sarīrato nikkhantachabbaṇṇaraṃsīhi obhāsayantaṃ jalantaṃ sikhīnaṃ sikhībhagavantaṃ sikhīnaṃ yathā jalamānaaggikkhandhaṃ viya. Aggajaṃ pupphamādāyāti aggajanāmakaṃ pupphaṃ gahetvā buddhassa sikhissa bhagavato abhiropayiṃ pūjesinti attho.