18. 道缘
18. Maggapaccayo
5 段
十二道支是道缘,即:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定,以及邪见、邪思惟、邪精进、邪定。剩下的邪语、邪业、邪命这三法并不是独立的心所法,而是以妄语等方式生起的四种不善蕴的名称。因此,它们没有被单独列入道缘之中。一切有因的心与心所法,以及与有因心俱生的色法,都是这道缘的缘生法。
Dvādasa maggaṅgāni maggapaccayo sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammā vācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi. Sesā micchāvācā micchākammanto micchāājīvoti tayo dhammā visuṃ cetasikadhammā na honti. Musāvādādivasena pavattānaṃ catunnaṃ akusalakhandhānaṃ nāmaṃ. Tasmā te maggapaccaye visuṃ na gahitāti. Sabbe sahetukā citta cetasikadhammā ca sahetukacittasaha jātā rūpadhammā ca tassa paccayuppannā.
问:为什么叫“道”呢?因为它能让人走向善趣、恶趣和涅槃的方向与处所,所以叫“道”。正见等八种正道支,确实能使人到达善趣的方向与处所,以及涅槃的方向与处所;四种邪道支则能使人到达恶趣的方向与处所。
Kenaṭṭhena maggoti. Sugatiduggatinibbāna disādesasampā panaṭṭhena maggo. Sammādiṭṭhiādikāni hi aṭṭha sammāmaggaṅgāni sugati disādesañca nibbānadisādesañca sampāpanatthāya saṃvattanti. Cattāri micchāmaggaṅgāni duggatidisādesaṃ sampāpanatthāya saṃvattantīti.
在这里,禅那缘让心对所缘变得正直、稳固,并达到安止。所谓达到安止,是指心就像被放进深水里的鱼一样,沉入遍相之类的相所缘中。道缘则让轮转道中的思业、离轮转道中的修行业变得正直、稳固,使其达到业道,使其增长、壮大、广大,使其达到他地。这就是这两种缘的差别。
Tattha jhānapaccayo ārammaṇe cittaṃ ujuṃ karoti, thiraṃ karoti, appanāpattaṃ karoti. Appanāpattaṃ nāma gambhīre udake pakkhitto macchoviya kasiṇanimittādike nimittārammaṇe anupaviṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ pavuccati. Maggapaccayo vaṭṭapathe cetanākammaṃ vivaṭṭapathe bhāvanākammaṃ ujuṃ karoti, thiraṃ karoti, kammapathapattaṃ karoti, vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ vepullaṃ karoti, bhūmantarapattaṃ karoti. Aya metesaṃ dvinnaṃ paccayānaṃ viseso.
在这里,“达到业道”指的是杀生等善或不善的思业,因为支分圆满而能够引生结生,达到被称为“业趣”的状态。“达到他地”指的是通过修习的次第,从欲地开始,一直到出世间地,即使处在同一种威仪姿态中,也能达到更高层次的修行业。这个含义应当依照禅那缘中所说的方式,根据正见等道支各自的自性特征,逐一加以说明。道缘的说明到此结束。
Tattha kammapathapattaṃ nāma pāṇātipātādīnaṃ kusalākusala kammānaṃ aṅgapāripūriyā paṭisandhijanane samatthabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ kammagatiṃ pattaṃ cetanākammaṃ. Bhūmantarapattaṃ nāma bhāvanānukkamena kāma bhūmito paṭṭhāya yāva lokuttarabhūmiyā ekasmiṃiriyāpathepi uparūparibhūmiṃ pattaṃ bhāvanākammaṃ. Ayañca attho jhānapaccaye vuttanayena sammādiṭṭhiādikānaṃ maggaṅgadhammānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ sabhāva lakkhaṇehi dīpetabboti. Maggapaccayadīpanā niṭṭhitā.
